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- <text id=90TT2360>
- <link 93XP0287>
- <link 90TT1976>
- <link 90TT1904>
- <link 90TT1223>
- <title>
- Sep. 10, 1990: Canada:The Army Breaks The Barriers
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Sep. 10, 1990 Playing Cat And Mouse
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 55
- CANADA
- The Army Breaks the Barriers
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>After another Mohawk skirmish, the troops move in
- </p>
- <p> In the garbled dialogue between conflicting cultures, mutual
- trust is essential--and it has been sorely lacking in the
- seven-week impasse between Mohawk Indians and Canadian
- authorities. Late last week, just as a possible resolution of
- the standoff appeared to be in sight, another factional
- skirmish broke out behind the barricades of the Mohawk
- community of Kanesatake, near Oka, 18 miles west of Montreal.
- The incident was relatively minor: two Mohawk men were severely
- beaten with baseball bats by a group of members of the militant
- Mohawk Warriors Society. But it was enough to break the
- impasse. In response, Canadian troops, backed by armored
- vehicles and helicopters, swept into the Mohawk reserve to
- restore order. The action was taken, declared General Armand
- Roy, commander of the Canadian Forces' 5th Brigade, "to
- guarantee the security of civilians and of my soldiers."
- </p>
- <p> Scarcely a day earlier, Warriors from another Mohawk
- community, the Kahnawake reserve, had agreed to put down their
- rifles and had actually begun to help Canadian soldiers tear
- down the barricades the Indians had erected to block the
- Mercier Bridge into Montreal. That was the best news in weeks,
- and a sign that the crisis might be easing. But that was before
- the army's action at Kanesatake.
- </p>
- <p> The on-again-off-again stalemate began in early July when
- Quebec police raided a four-month-old blockade the Indians had
- erected at Kanesatake. The Mohawks were protesting a proposed
- expansion of a local golf course into what they regard as
- ancestral land. In the ensuing gunfight, a police officer was
- killed. The same day, on the other side of the St. Lawrence
- River, the Kahnawake Mohawks showed their solidarity with the
- Kanesatakes by blockading the Mercier Bridge.
- </p>
- <p> As the crisis dragged on, skirmishes erupted sporadically
- between Indians and police. Two weeks ago, Quebec Premier
- Robert Bourassa replaced the police with army troops. After
- that, all but a few hundred of Kanesatake's 1,500 residents
- left the reserve for safer ground.
- </p>
- <p> Meanwhile, representatives from the two sides searched for
- a compromise. A key issue was the government's insistence that
- the Warriors' illegal weapons be destroyed in the presence of
- the army, which the Indians refused to do. Negotiators also
- clashed over whether the Mohawks should be granted immunity
- from prosecution, which the Indians insisted should not be
- described as an amnesty. "We call this a peace treaty because
- it is done nation to nation," said Chief Joe Norton. "No nation
- gives another nation an amnesty."
- </p>
- <p> Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney flatly dismissed the
- Mohawks' claims to sovereignty as "unrealistic" and "bizarre."
- The federal government said it was prepared to negotiate
- agreements that would give the Indians greater control over
- their affairs, but balked at attempts to make the Mohawks
- exempt from Canadian law.
- </p>
- <p> Hoping to avoid further bloodshed, the government purchased,
- on behalf of the Mohawks, the parcel of land that has been at
- the center of the dispute. Last week the authorities further
- emphasized that they were ready to negotiate with the
- Kanesatake group over its grievances as soon as the last
- barriers had come down. But before any such negotiations could
- begin, the fighting broke out again and the army moved in.
- </p>
- <p>By Guy D. Garcia.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-